{"id":1617,"date":"2026-08-22T11:10:07","date_gmt":"2026-08-22T03:10:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/?post_type=news&p=1617"},"modified":"2026-08-19T11:36:53","modified_gmt":"2026-08-19T03:36:53","slug":"huong-dan-lua-chon-thanh-dan-tuyen-tinh-chiu-tai-nang-cho-cac-truc-chiu-tai","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/tin-tuc\/huong-dan-lua-chon-thanh-dan-tuyen-tinh-chiu-tai-nang-cho-cac-truc-chiu-tai\/","title":{"rendered":"Ray d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt LONGQIAO | Linh ki\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng CNC, C\u00f4ng ty TNHH Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb C\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n Longqiao T\u1ebf Nam | \u0110\u0103ng ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 2026<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng\u201d d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ray. Ray \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i m\u00f4-men v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ray tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u1ecbp d\u00e0i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4-men, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb1ng sau c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng\u201d \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1\u201d<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m chi ti\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 cung c\u1ea5p \u00edt th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i ray.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng t\u0129nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean tr\u1ee5c. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

M\u00f4-men t\u1ea3i. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea7m c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc xe \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4-men nghi\u00eang; m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 k\u1eb9p n\u1eb7ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4-men l\u0103n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng tr\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua trong c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 thanh ray ch\u1ea1y gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c ng\u1eafn ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 l\u00e0 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh c\u1edd c\u00f3 chung m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 song song th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o, trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 sau khi h\u00e0n, s\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u thanh ray c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 trong catalogue hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng<\/h2>\n

A tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/a> Kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ee1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 nhau theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng, l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng b\u00ean v\u00e0 ba m\u00f4-men \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean thanh ray \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y phay d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e0n c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc khung tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ee5c Z. Khi \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9, c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1eaft, l\u1ef1c c\u1eaft t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u dao, \u1edf m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2m c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-men. Kh\u1ed1i g\u1ea7n dao nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n, kh\u1ed1i xa h\u01a1n ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng tra c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

Hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u00f4-men t\u1ea3i l\u00ean t\u1eebng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i chi tr\u1ea3 cho c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n
  2. N\u1ebfu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea7m \u0111\u00fac h\u1eabng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 12090 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c l\u0103n tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 do h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng r\u00e3nh tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    \"Thanh<\/p>\n

    Span l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u1ea7m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 hai \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 t\u0103ng theo l\u0169y th\u1eeba b\u1eadc b\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecbp. N\u1ebfu t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n, trong khi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i l\u1ea1i g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c n\u1eb7ng. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c tr\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean m\u00e1y c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb v\u00f5ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 ba c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

    H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc theo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i. C\u00e1c bu-l\u00f4ng ray tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 gi\u00fap c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf nh\u00f4m ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Tr\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thanh d\u1ea7m n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do duy nh\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng SBR v\u00e0 TBR ra \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a thanh d\u1eabn. Thanh d\u1eabn c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng. Thanh d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1ea7m; ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebf m\u00e1y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 d\u1ea7m. C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ebf m\u00e1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 qua gia c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a trung gian. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t thanh ray v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1a s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

    Thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thanh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    <\/td>\nThanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh (lo\u1ea1i HGR)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\nThanh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 (lo\u1ea1i SBR \/ TBR)<\/b><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1ea3i<\/td>\nH\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bi tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n trong r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh vu\u00f4ng<\/td>\n\u1ed0ng l\u00f3t bi ho\u1eb7c thanh tr\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c tr\u00f2n, tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu m\u00f4-men<\/td>\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao theo c\u1ea3 ba h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4-men<\/td>\nH\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf d\u1ea1ng cu\u1ed9n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng<\/td>\nCao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\nTh\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nC\u00e1c r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n<\/td>\nPh\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y n\u00f3i chung h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1ecbp d\u00e0i<\/td>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch<\/td>\nC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e1y d\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a v\u00ec thanh \u0111\u00f9n ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c cho tr\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng<\/td>\nL\u1edbn. C\u00e1c sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 song song s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i<\/td>\nD\u1ec5 tha th\u1ee9. C\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o l\u1eafm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/td>\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng tham chi\u1ebfu, tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00f4-men xo\u1eafn, ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 song song<\/td>\nV\u1eb7n ch\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng bu-l\u00f4ng, ch\u00eam \u0111\u1ec7m n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, \u00edt nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi sai s\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/td>\nD\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt k\u00edn, c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee5n v\u00e0 b\u1ee5i s\u1ebd l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/td>\nC\u0169ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n n\u00ean d\u1ec5 lau ch\u00f9i v\u00e0 b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n l\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0o khung hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/td>\nTh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng<\/td>\nTh\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o khung \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/td>\nCao h\u01a1n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t<\/td>\n\u0110\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1eaft, tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/td>\nT\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i, nh\u1ecbp d\u00e0i, n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    S\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khung ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng ph\u1eb3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi thanh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t khung, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n

    Thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o kh\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng, kh\u1ed1i s\u1ebd theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng b\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. L\u1ef1c ch\u1ea1y thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ecdc theo h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. Hai thanh ray song song, khi di chuy\u1ec3n ri\u00eang l\u1ebb th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t khi \u0111\u1ea7u k\u00e9o \u0111i qua gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 thay v\u00ec ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc theo thanh ray.<\/p>\n

    \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t khung th\u00e9p h\u00e0n s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di chuy\u1ec3n khi \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. M\u1ed9t khung c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong khu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft s\u1ebd v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ra kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u gia c\u00f4ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp ray sau khi h\u00e0n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ray \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u l\u1eafp ray b\u1eb1ng bu-l\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t sau khi h\u00e0n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 chi bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n cho thanh ray.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thanh ray n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t thanh ray l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng h\u01a1n v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean trong \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a thanh ray.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y n\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thanh ray, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra sau n\u00e0y. Thanh ray tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ea1m b\u1eaby qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c\u201d<\/h2>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

    Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch xa nhau h\u01a1n c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4-men tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m khi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a t\u0103ng l\u00ean, do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 xe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ra c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1t kh\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 xe c\u00f3 c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung g\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hai thanh ray song song \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ed1n kh\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u0129nh. M\u1ecdi sai s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 song song c\u1ee7a thanh ray, ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00e9m, b\u1ed1n kh\u1ed1i tr\u00ean hai thanh ray c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ba kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed sao cho cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc: m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t b\u00ean s\u1ebd b\u1ecb v\u1eb7n xo\u1eafn khi t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eb7n xo\u1eafn n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed kh\u00e1 cao. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee9 hai ho\u1eb7c di chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m kh\u00e1ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

    \"H\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n

    V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/h2>\n

    H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh d\u1ea1ng thanh HGR.<\/a><\/strong><\/span> C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u0103n d\u1ea1ng bi v\u1edbi r\u00e3nh l\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i ba m\u1eb7t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng thanh ray v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i. C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 thanh ray c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i cho nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p. C\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 1,5 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1y m\u00f3c v\u00e0 video ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u1eaft, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u1ee5c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n

    Thanh ray \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng SBR.<\/a><\/strong><\/span> Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1ecbp d\u00e0i, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn: m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp tr\u00ean khung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    Thanh \u0111\u1ee1 TBR.<\/a><\/strong><\/span> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1, n\u1eb1m \u1edf gi\u1eefa hai lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean.
    \n    Thanh tr\u1ee5c tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.<\/a> <\/strong><\/span>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi \u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, \u0111\u00e3 qua x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb5n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m: chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng ray, t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0129nh, m\u00f4-men ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, l\u1edbp ti\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecbp cho ph\u00e9p. Nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. H\u00e3y cung c\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u1ea3i so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng b\u00e1o gi\u00e1. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n

    \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng cho t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c trang danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xoay quanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ray \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, trong khi c\u00e1c danh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean s\u00e0n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u00e0o t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea3i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea7n so s\u00e1nh \u1edf tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang danh m\u1ee5c hay kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    \"Thanh<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thanh d\u1eabn tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n JIS B 1192 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a DIN, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, cao, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, si\u00eau ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thanh ray v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t khi thanh ray \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u00e9m ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecf qua.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1ee9 hai, m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 hai th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t, sinh ra nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng, m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. Ghi l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 theo t\u1eebng h\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00f4-men.<\/li>\n
    2. H\u00e3y t\u00ednh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a xe \u0111\u1ea9y.<\/li>\n
    3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee1, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
    4. H\u00e3y \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sau khi gia c\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng th\u00eam, h\u00e3y n\u00eau r\u00f5 ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/li>\n
    5. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn danh m\u1ee5c t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ecdn k\u00edch c\u1ee1. L\u1ed7i ch\u1ecdn danh m\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn k\u00edch c\u1ee1.<\/li>\n
    6. \u0110\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong ph\u1ea1m vi cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a khung m\u00e1y, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i kh\u1ed1i thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
    7. H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, thay v\u00ec m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      B\u01b0\u1edbc 4 v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc 5 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Brinelling do va \u0111\u1eadp. L\u1ef1c va \u0111\u1eadp t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra v\u1ebft l\u00f5m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c b\u1ecb va ch\u1ea1m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y k\u1eb9p ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

      \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m khi ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng c\u00e0ng n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u00e0ng cao, v\u00e0 r\u00e3nh bi b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m khi ch\u1ecbu \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac cao s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1edbt v\u00e0 thanh g\u1ea1t c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00edt quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      Thi\u1ebfu d\u1ea7u b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n.<\/a><\/strong><\/span> T\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean m\u00e0ng b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u00e0ng b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n

      S\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch song song. C\u00e1c thanh ray v\u1ed1n song song khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n song song sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a chu k\u1ef3 nhi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean khung l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

      Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh sai. Tr\u1ee5c b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 do thanh d\u1eabn c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u00e0 do thanh d\u1eabn b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch tr\u1ee5c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o, h\u00e3y ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n xe tr\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eb1ng tay d\u1ecdc theo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thanh d\u1eabn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      \"B\u01a1m<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t thanh d\u1eabn tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng?<\/h3>\n

      A: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn thanh ray. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u00f4-men c\u1ee7a thanh ray v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch. M\u1ed9t thanh ray \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng d\u1ecdc t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i khi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u00f9ng t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00f4 ra.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n thanh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

      A: Kh\u00f4ng. Thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 song song. Tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft v\u00edt v\u00e0o khung m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gia c\u00f4ng, thanh tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1 th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: M\u1ed9t thanh ray tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i bao xa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ef1a?<\/h3>\n

      A: \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng cho ph\u00e9p, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f5ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u0169y th\u1eeba b\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecbp. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c d\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i n\u00ean th\u00eam c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i hay chuy\u1ec3n sang d\u00f9ng thanh ray c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n?<\/h3>\n

      A: Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5c c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t theo m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n gia c\u00f4ng khung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp thanh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

      A: \u0110\u1ec3 thanh ray ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang theo th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang v\u1eady. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp thanh ray \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eeba h\u00e0n s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gia c\u00f4ng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y n\u00ean khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thanh ray tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\n

      A: Chi\u1ec1u cao t\u1ed1i \u0111a ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 thanh ray \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i khi xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng; \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft v\u00edt thanh ray v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c thanh ray v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

      A: C\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 thanh d\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i cho nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eebng v\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, ngay c\u1ea3 khi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 v\u1ebb tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng r\u00e3nh d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

      H\u1ecfi: Tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i thanh ray n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

      A: G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. H\u00e3y ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y khung tr\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eb1ng tay. L\u1ef1c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 song song c\u1ee7a ray ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thanh ray ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/h3>\n

      A: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i, lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 thay v\u00ec ni\u00eam y\u1ebft gi\u00e1 s\u1eb5n. Vui l\u00f2ng cung c\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch t\u1ea3i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 cho qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

      N\u00ean g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00edch c\u1ee1<\/h2>\n

      H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u1ed5 tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u1ea3i theo t\u1eebng h\u01b0\u1edbng, h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, chu k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ee5c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ai \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1edbi x\u1eed l\u00fd: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khung h\u00e0n, c\u1ea7n \u0111o l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 song song c\u1ee7a ray sau khi m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c d\u01b0 trong k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u00e0n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed th\u00ec v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p \u0111o, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i, c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 qu\u00fd kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":1618,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","class_list":["post-1617","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news\/1617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1617"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lqcncparts.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}